Publications

Winter 1990

Ferric Chloride in Copper Etching

The etchant of choice for the production of

intaglio and relief Images in copper has been, and

is, ferne chloride, in aqueous solution.

Summer 1997

Ferric Chloride Regeneration Via Oxygen

The printband manufacturing operation at IBM

Endicott consumed large quantities of ferric chloride

etchant. This etchant is used to selectively remove material

from stainless steel panels in the printband

manufacturing process.

Spring 1987

Fine Line Chemical Milling with Aqueous Dry Film

During my ten years of selling dry film, whenever I was given

a new dry film to test, the first place I took it was 10 a chemical

miller.

Winter 1996

Fine Line Etching of Lead Frames

Lead frame manufacture has become onc of the fastest

growing segments of the photo-chemical machining

industry teday. Much of the interconnect circuitry

and components lhat used to go on the printed circuit

board now goes directly on the chip and the chips

themselves are getting smaller.

June 2004

Fine Lines in High Yield: Dry Film Photoresist Components and Their Functions

Non-chemists involved in printed wiring board

(PWB) fabrication are often mystified by the

variety of chemistries employed in numerous

processing steps such as surface preparation,

imaging, development, stripping and plating.

September 2002

Fine Tolerance Work with PCM, Laser and PEF (Photo-Electro-Forming)

When discussing the term “fine tolerances” for

the manufacturing processes of PCM. Laser

cutting and PEF, the term will mean something

different for each process.

Summer 1988

Fine Tolerances On Thick Substrates

The demand for ever increasing finer tolerances is well

known to the photo machinist, resulting in a constant refining of

our manufacturing techniques.

Winter 1997

Fluid Heads – Beyond Rinsing and Drying

IBM introduced the fluid head several years ago as

a device to improve rinsing and drying without having

to increase the length of existing equipment.

Spring 1996

Free Acid Control in Ferric Chloride Solutions Using pH Measurement

Ferric chloride is widely used as an ctehant for different

types of metals and alloys.

Fall 1992

Free Acid/Alkali Determination

Summary: Potassium Oxalate forms a strong complex with

Ferric Chloride producing Ferric Oxalate and Potassium Chloride

which are neutral. This allows the acid or alkali present to be

titrated without interference.

Dec 2008

From Chemical Milling to Precisiion Metal Forming: Part B

Fall 1991

Further Aspects of Ferric Chloride Regeneration

Etchant regeneration is the process by which “spent” etchants

are oxidised back to a reuseable form. In an etching facility, the

need to regenerate (or dispose ofand replace) an etchant, through

“contamination”

June 2004

Half Etch Technology for Fine Line Processing

HOI (High Density Interconnects) and ultra fine

lines are becoming more and more popular. The

use of ultra thin foils is the only feasible way to

produce ultra fine lines in a production environment.

Fall 1993

Heat Generation and Cooling in Photo Chemical Etching and Related Processes

Proper temperature control has always been

important for maintaining the best quality control of

etched parts.

Heat Plates, Ladders and Sinks by Photochemical Milling

Winter 1984

Trends toward miniaturisation with greater density of components on

PCBs has inevitably led to the generation of unwanted heat.

December

2003

HF Etchants and Safety Considerations

HF etching is now being considered by PCM job

shops in their effort to become more involved in

new product developments, especially in the

fields of aerospace and medicine.

March 2004

High Density Circuit Roadmap for Electronic Packaging Materials

Historically, during the 1960s to the 19705, most

semiconductors were packaged in DIP (Dual

lnline Packages), and they were mounted on

rigid circuit boards (Figure 1).

March 2005

High Performance Chemical Products for PCM

During the first few years after the foundation of

KJV, we concentrated at first on developing

chemical products for the PCB industry, because

we had more experience in this field and this

market offers more potential due to larger volume

and a greater number of products.

Summer/

Fall 1994

High Pressure/High Temperature Spray Etching of Stainless Steel (Part 1)

I completed recently a research project which was

concerned with the investigation of the spray

etching process using high spray pressure (up to 1.0

MPa) and high etching temperatures (up to 100 cc).

High Resolution Dry Film

Winter 1987

Since the introduction of dry film ph6toresist in 1970,

manufacturers who have used this technology have requested

many enhancements to the product and process.

Summer 1988

High Resolution Dry Film Imaging for Photochemical Machining

Most current dry film photoresists are capable of achieving

accurate 3 mil line and space imaging resolution, when using

modem processing equipment and careful process control.

Dec 2007

High Temperature Project

Randy Markle, Chemcut Corporation

March 2004

High-Precision Etching of Small Parts

HMS HOLLMULLER, a new member of the

PCMI, would like to take this opportunity to

introduce itself.

Started in 1965, HMS was the first company in

Europe to build etching machines.

December 2005

How to Use Human Nature to Dramatically Increase Sales or Any Other Type of Perfomance!

It was eleven o’clock on a cold Wednesday

evening. I had just arrived at my hotel from

the airport for a keynote program on

Thursday morning.

Winter 1987

Hybrid Machining of Thick Metal, PCM Plus Laser Cut

Hirai Seimitsu Corporation which has a nineteen year history

in the PCM Industry as one of the leading job shops, has

successfully developed a new hybrid machining technology for

thick metal parts combiningPCM with laser cutting.

Sept 2007

Imaging With a Diamond Stylus for Etching of Stainless Steel Embossing Dies

The ability to reproduce fine line renderings of drawings

reflects back to a form of Steel and Copper Plate Engraving

such as Plate Printing techniques used by Artists and

the production of American Currency in the form of Paper

Money.

Winter 1988

Imaging with Dry Film and Related Processing Equipment for Chemical Milling Application

There is a tradition of several centuries to

the principle of structuring materials such

as glass, metal and minerals by wet

chemical etching while protecting certain

surface parts with resist layers.

Fall 1997

Improving Yields of Inner Layers and Flexible Composites with One Step Cleaning Without a Microetch

Abstract –

Maintenance of dimensional tolerances on thin

core material is maximized when process steps

are minimized and surface roughening by

microetching or other means is eliminated.

Spring 1994

Influence of the Hydrochloric Acid Content on Spray Etching of Stainless Steel with Ferric Chloride Solutions

According to Brady [1) there is a fundamental difference

between natural highly concentrated FeCl3 solutions

and those additionally acidified with HCr.

Spring/Summer 1995

Internal Drum Photoplotter

In the quest for faster speed, higher accuracy, higher

resolutions, larger plotting areas and lower prices, various

laser raster photoplotter technologies have been

proposed.